四级考试阅读练习题

partiireadingprehension

(35minutes)

directions:thereare4passagesinthispart.eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd).youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

passageone

questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

isthereenoughoilbeneaththearcticnationalwildliferefuge(保护区)(anwr)tohelpsecureamerica’senergyfuture?presidentbushcertainlythinksso.hehasarguedthattappinganwr’soilwouldhelpeasecalifornia’selectricitycrisisandprovideamajorboosttothecountry’senergyindependence.butnooneknowsforsurehowmuchcrudeoilliesburiedbeneaththefrozenearthwiththelastgovernmentsurvey,conductedin1998,projectingoutputanywherefrom3billionto16billionbarrels.

theoilindustrygoeswiththehighendoftherange,whichcouldequalasmuchas10%ofu.s.consumptionforaslongassixyears.bypumpingmorethan1millionbarrelsadayfromthereserveforthenexttwothreedecades,lobbyistsclaim,thenationcouldcutbackonimportsequivalenttoallshipmentstotheu.s.fromsaudiarabia.soundsgood.anoilboomwouldalsomeanamultibillion-dollarwindfall(意外之财)intaxrevenues,royalties(开采权使用费)andleasingfeesforalaskaandthefederalgovernment.bestofall,advocatesofdrillingsay,damagetotheenvironmentwouldbeinsignificant.“we’veneverhadadocumentcaseofoilrigchasingdeeroutontothepackice.”saysalaskastaterepresentativescottogan.

notsofar,sayenvironmentalists.stickingtothelowendofgovernmentestimates,thenationalresourcesdefensecouncilsaystheremaybenomorethan3.2billionbarrelsofeconomicallyrecoverableoilinthecoastalplainofanwr,adropinthebucketthatwoulddovirtuallynothingtoeaseamerica’senergyproblems.andconsumerswouldwaituptoadecadetogainanybenefits,becausedrillingcouldbeginonlyaftermuchbargainingoverleases,environmentalpermitsandregulatoryreview.asforanwr’simpactonthecaliforniapowercrisis,environmentalistspointoutthatoilisresponsibleforonly1%ofthegoldenstate’selectricityoutput—andjust3%ofthenation’s.

21.whatdoespresidentbushthinkoftappingoilinanwr?

a)itwillexhaustthenation’soilreserves.

b)itwillhelpsecurethefutureofanwr.

c)itwillhelpreducethenation’soilimports.

d)itwillincreaseamerica’senergyconsumption.

22.welearnfromthesecondparagraphthattheamericanoilindustry________.

a)believesthatdrillingforoilinanwrwillproducehighyields

b)tendstoexaggerateamerica’srelianceonforeignoil

c)showslittleinterestintappingoilinanwr

d)expectstostopoilimportsfromsaudiarabia

23.thoseagainstoildrillinginanwrarguethat________.

a)itcancauseseriousdamagetotheenvironment

b)itcandolittletosolveu.s.energyproblems

c)itwilldraintheoilreservesinthealaskanregion

d)itwillnothavemuchmercialvalue

24.whatdotheenvironmentalistsmeanbysaying“notsofast”(line1,para.3)?

a)oilexploitationtakesalongtime

b)theoildrillingshouldbedelayed

c)don’tbetoooptimistic

d)don’texpectfastreturns

25.itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatoilexploitationbeneathanwr’sfrozenearth________.

a)remainsacontroversialissue

b)isexpectedtogetunderwaysoon

c)involvesalotoftechnologicalproblems

d)willenabletheu.s.tobeoilindependent

passagetwo

questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

“tear‘emapart!”“killthefool!”“murderthereferee(裁判)!”

thesearemonremarksonemayhearatvarioussportingevents.atthetimetheyaremade,theymayseeminnocentenough.butlet’snotkidourselves.theyhavebeenknowntoinfluencebehaviorinsuchawayastoleadtorealbloodshed.volumeshavebeenwrittenaboutthewaywordsaffectus.ithasbeenshownthatwordshavingcertainconnotations(含义)maycauseustoreactinwaysquiteforeigntowhatweconsidertobeourusualhumanisticbehavior.iseetheterm“opponent”asoneofthosewords.perhapsthetimehasetoitfromsportsterms.

thedictionarymeaningoftheterm“opponent“is“adversary“:“enemy“;“onewhoopposesyourinterests.”“thus,whenaplayermeetsanopponent,heorshemaytendtotreatthatopponentasanenemy.atsuchtimes,winningmaydominateone’sintellect,andeveryaction,nomatterhowgross,maybeconsideredjustifiable.irecallanincidentinahandballgamewhenarefereerefusedaplayer’srequestforatimeoutforaglovechange

becausehedidnotconsideredthenwetenough.theplayerproceededtorubhisglovesacrosshiswett-shirtandthenexclaimed.“aretheywetenoughnow?”

intheheatofbattle,playershavebeenobservedtothrowthemselvesacrossthecourtwithoutconsideringtheconsequencesthatsuchamovemighthaveonanyoneintheirway.ihavealsowitnessedaplayerreactingtohisopponent’sinternationalandillegalblockingbydeliberatelyhittinghimwiththeballashardashecouldduringthecourseofplay.offthecourt,theyaregoodfriends.doesthatmakeanysense?itcertainlygivesproofofacourtattitudewhichdepartsfromnormalbehavior.

therefore,ibelieveitistimeweelevated(提升)thegametothelevelwhereitbelongstherebysettinganexampletotherestofthesportingworld.replacingtheterm“opponent”with“associate”couldbeanidealwaytostart.

thedictionarymeaningoftheterm“associate”is“colleague”;“friend”;“panion.”reflectamoment!youmaysoonseeandpossiblyfeelthedifferenceinyourreactiontotheterm“associate”ratherthan“opponent.”

26.whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthor’sview?

a)aggressivebehaviorinsportscanhaveseriousconsequences.

b)thewordspeopleusecaninfluencetheirbehavior.

c)unpleasantwordsinsportsareoftenusedbyforeignathletes.

d)unfairjudgmentsbyrefereeswillleadtoviolenceonthesportsfield.

27.harshwordsarespokenduringgamesbecausetheplayers________.

a)aretooeagertowin

b)areusuallyshort-temperedandeasilyoffended

c)cannotaffordtobepoliteinfiercepetition

d)treattheirrivalsasenemies

28.whatdidthehandballplayerdowhenhewasnotallowedatimeouttochangehisgloves?

a)herefusedtocontinuethegame.

b)heangrilyhittherefereewithaball.

c)heclaimedthattherefereewasunfair.

d)hewethisglovesbyrubbingthemacrosshist-shirt.

29.accordingtothepassage,players,inagame,may________.

a)deliberatelythrowtheballatanyoneillegallyblockingtheirway

b)keeponscreamingandshoutingthroughoutthegame

c)liedownonthegroundasanactofprotest

d)kicktheballacrossthecourtwithforce

30.theauthorhopestohavethecurrentsituationinsportsimprovedby________.

a)callingonplayerstousecleanlanguageonthecourt

b)raisingthereferee’ssenseofresponsibility

c)changingtheattitudeofplayersonthesportsfield

d)regulatingtherelationshipbetweenplayersandreferees

第2篇：四级考试阅读练习题

partiireadingprehension

(35minutes)

directions:thereare2passagesinthissection.eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd).youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

passageone

questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

i'vebeenwritingformostofmylife.thebookwritingwithoutteachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.

tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter.ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeenglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍纵即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.

thepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatelbowcalls“freewriting.”infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillefromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.

nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou'vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.

insteadofstaringatablankstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.halfwaythroughyouavailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.

57.whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(line4,para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans________.

a)noonecanbebothcreativeandcritical

b)theycannotberegardedasequallyimportant

c)theyareinconstantconflictwitheachother

d)onecannotusethematthesametime

58.whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis________.

a)puttingtheirideasinrawform

b)attemptingtoeditastheywrite

c)ignoringgrammaticalsoundness

d)tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts

59.whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststageofwriting?

a)toorganizeone'sthoughtslogically.

b)tochooseanappropriatetopic.

c)togetone'sideasdown.

d)tocollectrawmaterials.

60.onemonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat________.

a)itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemind

b)ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwards

c)itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticism

d)itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly

61.inwhatwaydoesthecriticalmindhelpthewriterinthewritingprocess?

a)itrefineshiswritingintobettershape.

b)ithelpshimtoeupwithnewideas.

c)itsavesthewritingtimeavailabletohim.

d)itallowshimtositonthesideandobserve.

第3篇：日语等级考试四级阅读题练习

在不断的练习中更总结出考试出题规律，是练习的意义所在。以下百分网小编整理的日语等级考试四级阅读题练习，希望对大家有所帮助，更多信息请关注应届毕业生网!

いささか古い話ですが、先月の末のことでした。朝5時半ごろ、修学旅行に出かける娘見送りに地下鉄白山駅へ、すると制服姿の女子高生3人が駅から出てくるのに会いました。いずれも青い、眠そうな顔で、うち2人は有名私立高の生徒でした。

こんなに早くから学校へ行って、クラブ活動かしら、と娘に言いますと「なにいってんの。朝帰りよ」。ディスコなどで高校生が徹夜で踊っている、という話はよく聞きますが、この子たちもきっとそうだったのですね。親は何を考え、どう教育しているのでしょう。私ならどうするでしょか。3人の子たちを見ながら考え込んでしまいました。

注釈：

いささか[副]稍微，一点儿

見送る(みおくる)[他五]送行，送别

朝帰り(あさがえり)[名·自サ]早上回家

クラブ[名]俱乐部

ディスコ[名]迪斯科(舞)

徹夜(てつや)[名·自サ]熬夜，通宵，开夜车

問題：

娘は何のために朝5時半ごろ出かけたのですか。

1、修学旅行のためです。

2、クラブ活動のためです。

3、ディスコに行くためです。

4、友達に会うためです。

有名な私立高校の生徒は何人ですか。

1、1人です。

2、2人です。

3、3人です。

4、4人です。

*：12

今日は私のために集まってくださって、ありがとうございます。3年間、課長をはじめ、みなさんに本当にお世話になりました。企画課に来たばかりのころ、資料にミスがあって、営業の田中課長を怒らせてしまったときのことは特に印象に残っています。一緒に謝ってくださった中島課長、残業して資料を作り直すのを手伝ってくださった井上さん、加藤さん、あのときは本当にありがとうございました。いつもは厳しいけれど、「失敗を恐れていたら進歩はないよ」と励ましてくださった渡辺主任のお言葉、今でも忘れません。企画が通って、みんなでお祝いに飲んだビールの味は最高でした。皆さんと一緒に仕事ができてよかったと、心から思っています。今度、大学院でがんばっていきたいと思います。いろいろお世話になりました。

注釈：

スピーチ[名]讲话，演说，致词

ミス[名]错误，差错，失误

恐れる(おそれる)[他下一]害怕，恐惧

励ます(はげます)[他五]鼓励，激励，勉励

ビール[名]啤酒

最高(さいこう)[名?形动]最高，至高无上，最好

大学院(だいがくいん)[名]大学研究院，研究生院

問題：

「失敗を恐れていたら進歩はないよ」と励ましてくださった方はどなたですか。

1、田中課長です

2、加藤さんです

3、渡辺主任です

4、井上さんです

私はこれから何をしますか。

1、資料を集めます

2、企画を作ります

3、ビールを飲みます

4、大学院で勉強します

*：34

第4篇：四级考试仔细阅读练习题

partiireadingprehension

(35minutes)

directions:thereare4passagesinthispart.eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c)andd).youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

passageone

questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

peoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofenglandfaceaseriousproblem.in1993,theownersofalargehotelandofseveralhousesdiscovered,totheirhorror,thattheirgardenshaddisappearedovernight.theseahadeatenintothesoftlimestonecliffsonwhichtheyhadbeenbuilt.whileexpertswerestudyingtheproblem,thehotelandseveralhousesdisappearedaltogether,slidingdownthecliffandintothesea.

erosion(侵蚀)ofthewhitecliffsalongthesouthcoastofenglandhasalwaysbeenaproblembutithasbeemoreseriousinrecentyears.dozensofhomeshavehadtobeabandonedastheseahascreptfartherandfartherinland.expertshavestudiedtheareasmostaffectedandhavedrawnupamapforlocalpeople,forecastingtheyearinwhichtheirhomeswillbeswallowedupbythehungrysea.

angryownershavecalledonthegovernmenttoerectseadefensestoprotecttheirhomes.governmentsurveyorshavepointedoutthatinmostcases,thisisimpossible.newseawallswouldcosthundredsofmillionsofpoundsandwouldmerelymakethewavesandcurrentsgofurtheralongthecoast,shiftingtheproblemfromoneareatoanother.thedangerislikelytocontinue,theysay,untilthewavesreachaninlandareaofhardrockwhichwillnotbeeatenaslimestoneis.meanwhile,ifyouwanttobuyacheaphousewithanuncertainfuture,applytoahouseagentinoneofthethreatenedareasonthesouthcoastofengland.youcangetahouseforaknockdownpricebutitmayturnouttobeaknockdownhome.

11.whatisthecauseoftheproblemthatpeoplelivingonpartsofthesouthcoastofenglandface?

a)thedisappearanceofhotels,housesandgardens.

b)theexperts’lackofknowledge.

c)therisingofthesealevel.

d)thewashing-awayoflimestonecliffs.

12.theerosionofthewhitecliffsinthesouthofengland________.

a)willsoonbeeaproblemforpeoplelivingincentralengland

b)hasnowbeeathreattothelocalresidents

c)isquicklychangingthemapofengland

d)canbestoppedifpropermeasuresaretaken

13.theexperts’studyontheproblemoferosioncan________.

a)leadtoitseventualsolution

b)provideaneffectivewaytoslowitdown

c)helptopreventitfromworsening

d)warnpeoplewhosehomesareindanger

14.itisnotfeasibletobuildseadefensestoprotectagainsterosionbecause________.

a)itistoocostlyandwillendangerneighbouringareas

b)thegovernmentistooslowintakingaction

c)theywillbeeasilyknockeddownbywavesandcurrents

d)houseagentsalongthecoastdonotsupporttheidea

15.accordingtotheauthor,whenbuyingahousealongthesouthcoastofengland,peopleshould________.

a)beawareofthepotentialdangerinvolved

b)guardagainstbeingcheatedbythehouseagent

c)takethequalityofthehouseintoconsideration

d)examinethehousecarefullybeforemakingadecision

passagetwo

questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

sportisnotonlyphysicallychallenging,butitcanalsobementallychallenging.criticismfromcoaches,parents,andotherteammates,aswellaspressuretowincancreateanexcessiveamountofanxietyorstressforyoungathletes(运动员).stresscanbephysical,emotional,orpsychological,andresearchhasindicatedthatitcanleadtoburnout.burnouthasbeendescribedasdroppingorquittingofanactivitythatwasatonetimeenjoyable.

theearlyyearsofdevelopmentarecriticalyearsforlearningabutoneself.thesportsettingisonewherevaluableexperiencescantakeplace.youngathletescan,forexample,learnhowtocooperatewithothers,makefriends,andgainothersocialskillsthatwillbeusedthroughouttheirlives.coachesandparentsshouldbeaware,atalltimes,thattheirfeedbacktoyoungsterscangreatlyaffecttheirchildren.youngstersmaytaketheirparents’andcoaches’criticismstoheartandfindaflaw(缺陷)inthemselves.

coachesandparentsshouldalsobecautiousthatyouthsportparticipationdoesnotbeeworkforchildren.theouteofthegameshouldnotbemoreimportantthantheprocessoflearningthesportandotherlifelessons.intoday’syouthsportsetting,youngathletesmaybeworryingmoreaboutwhowillwininsteadofenjoyingthemselvesandthesport.followingagame,manyparentsandcoachesfocusontheouteandfindfaultwithyoungsters’performances.positivereinforcementshouldbeprovidedregardlessoftheoute.researchindicatesthatpositivereinforcementmotivatesandhasagreatereffect

onlearningthancriticism.again,criticismcancreatehighlevelsofstress,whichcanleadtoburnout.

16.aneffectivewaytopreventtheburnoutofyoungathletesis________.

a)tomakesportslesspetitive

b)tomakesportsmorechallenging

c)toreducetheirmentalstress

d)toincreasetheirsenseofsuccess

17.accordingtothepassagesportispositiveforyoungpeopleinthat________.

a)itcanhelpthemlearnmoreaboutsociety

b)itteachesthemhowtosetrealisticgoalsforthemselves

c)itenablesthemtofindflawsinthemselves

d)itcanprovidethemwithvaluableexperiences

18.manycoachesandparentsareinthehabitofcriticizingyoungathletes________.

a)withoutrealizingcriticismmaydestroytheirselfconfidence

b)inordertomakethemrememberlife’slessons

c)believingthatcriticismisbeneficialfortheirearlydevelopment

d)soastoputmorepressureonthem

19.accordingtothepassageparentsandcoachesshould________.

a)helpchildrentowineverygame

b)paymoreattentiontolettingchildrenenjoysports

c)enablechildrentounderstandthepositiveaspectofsports

d)trainchildrentocopewithstress

20.theauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassageis________.

a)topersuadeyoungchildrennottoworryaboutcriticism

b)tostresstheimportanceofpositivereinforcementtochildren

c)todiscusstheskillofbiningcriticismwithencouragement

d)toteachyoungathleteshowtoavoidburnout

第5篇：日语等级考试一级阅读练习试题

攀登山顶的脚力，生于欲穷千里目的壮心和不到长城非好汉的意志。以下是小编为大家搜索整理的日语等级考试一级阅读练习试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网!

けさ、娘に「実は二人にあってほしい人がいるの。日曜日に家に連れてくるから、お父さんにも言っておいてね」と言われて驚いた。そういえば、夜遅くメールを交換したり、仕事が休みの日も楽しそうに出かけていたが、いったいどんな相手なんだろう。娘の伝言を聞いたら、夫はどんな顔をするだろうか。

問い「二人」とは、だれとだれのことか。

1.筆者とその夫2.筆者と娘の恋人3.娘とその恋人4.筆者の夫と娘の恋人

原っぱとは、あれはいったいなんだったのだろう。原っぱはいまのきれいに整備された児童遊園の対極に位置する空間だった。いまのことばでいうならやはり「空き地」としか表現しようがないだろう。だがそこはほとんど管理されておらず、いつも土管(どかん下水管道用的钢管)や材木、あるいはいまでいう粗大ゴミなど無造作に放置されていた。大人による管理がなかったから、危険といえば危険だった。しかしそんな雑駁(ざっぱく)な場所が、かつてのこどもたちにとっては最高の楽園だったのである。

(阿辻哲次『漢字道楽』講談社による)

問い「そこ」とあるが、どこを指すか。

1原っぱ2児童遊園3空き地4最高の楽園

答えは：1

翻译：

今早，对于女儿的一番话大吃一惊，“实际上，有人想见二位。周日带来家，记得要和父亲说呀。”这么一说，深夜互通email，工作的周末也一脸幸福地出门，但到底会是怎么样的人呢。听到女儿的留言，他又将会是如何得表情呢。

解説：

誰か書いている文を考える。「娘に『お父さんにも言っておいてね』と言われ」「娘の伝言を聞いたら、夫はどんな顔をするだろう」などから、筆者は娘の母ということがわかる。「メールを交換」「休みの日も楽しそうに出かけていた」のは娘。「どんな相手なんだろう」で、娘が連れてくるのは、娘のボーイフレンドか結婚相手か?つまり、娘が「相手」を会わせたいのは、両親である。

“事实关系”篇：

いつどこでだれがなぜどうした搞清这些就能顺利做题。日语可能会倒置，把一些很长很长修饰词放前面，往往修饰的句子也是个长句子，这个时候需要我们找到主干，再一点点看修饰。

比如「実は二人にあってほしい人がいるの。」中应该这样断句：

「実は二人にあってほしい人いるの。」

“有人”是主干，修饰的是什么样的人，有两位想见的人。于是，*不言而喻了。

答えは：1

翻译：

杂草丛生的旷野到底是指什么呢。旷野现在正好是被整整齐齐清理过的儿童乐园的正对面的场所空间。现今能表述的语言也只能是“空地”而已。但是那里几乎无人暇管，常常随便堆放着下水道钢管或者是木材，又或是现在所谓的笨重的垃圾等。没了大人的管理，若说危险的确是危险。但是那样杂乱无章的场所，对曾经孩子们来说，是最棒的乐园。

解説：

管理されていない、土管、材木、粗大ゴミのある場所を探す。2はきれいに整備されているので×。3は今の言葉での表現であり、「～としか表現できない」で、語感の違いが分かる。4はかつての子供の価値観で見た表現であるから×。

“指示代词”篇

一般指示代词都会在文中体现出*来，一级可能无法直接看出，于是要找出来。前面后面没有固定的说法，但是可以互换的。本题中的“那里”指代什么。从开头就就明了了。其实日本人写类似的文章还是很直接的，不会玩暧昧的套路。把握重点即明白作者意思。这里也指出了“空地”只是一个勉强的说法，不可替代。

第6篇：四级阅读理解练习参考

四级阅读理解练习(395)

americansbelievenoonestandsstill.ifyouarenotmovingahead,youarefallingbehind.thisattituderesultsinanationofpeoplemittedtoresearching,experimentingandexploring.timeisoneofthetwoelementsthatamericanssavecarefully,theotherbeinglabor.

"weareslavestonothingbuttheclock,”ithasbeensaid.timeistreatedasifitweresomethingalmosttangible.webudgetit,saveit,wasteit,stealit,killit,cutit,accountforit;wealsochargeforit.itisapreciousmodity.manypeoplehavearatheracuteshortnessofeachlifetime.oncethesandshaverunoutofaperson'shourglass,theycannotbereplaced.wewanteveryminutetocount.?

aforeigner'sfirstimpressionoftheu.s.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush-oftenunderpressure.citypeopleappearalwaystobehurrytogetwheretheyaregoing,restlesslyseekingattentioninastore,elbowingothersastheytrytopletetheirerrands.racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.workingtimeisconsideredprecious.othersinpubliceatingplacesarewaitingforyoutofinishsotheytoocanbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.eachpersonhurriestomakeroomforthenextperson.ifyoudon't,waiterwillhurryyou.youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandthatpeoplewillpushpastyou.youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,smallcourtesieswithstrangers.don'ttakeitpersonally.thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse“wasting”itbeyondacertaincourtesypoint.?

thisviewoftimeaffectstheimportanceweattachtopatience.intheamericansystemofvalues,patienceisnotahighpriority.manyofushavewhatmightbecalled“ashortfuse.”webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomereturn-bethisintermsofpleasure,workvalue,orrest.thoseingfromlandswheretimeislookedupondifferentlymayfindthismatterofpacetobeoneoftheirmostdifficultadjustmentsinbothbusinessanddaylife.?

manynewerstothestateswillmisstheopeningcourtesiesofabusinesscall,forexample.theywillmisstheritualsocializingthatgoeswithawelingcupofteaorcoffeethatmaybetraditionalintheirowncountry.theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinacafeorcoffeehouse.normally,americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverprolongedsmalltalk;muchlessdotheytakethemoutfordinner,oraroundonthegolfcoursewhiletheydevelopasenseoftrustandreport.rapporttomostofusislessimportantthanperformance.weseekoutevidenceofpastperformanceratherthanevaluateabusinesscolleaguethroughsocialcourtesies.sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.?

mostamericansliveaccordingtotimesegmentslaidoutinengagementcalendars.weoftengiveapersontwoorthree(ormore)segmentsofourcalendar,butinbusinessworldwealmostalwayshaveotherappointmentsfollowinghardontheheelsofwhateverwearedoing.timeisthereforealwaystickinginourinnerear.?

asaresultweworkhardatthetaskofsavingtime.weproduceasteadyflowoflabor-savingdevices;wemunicaterapidlythroughtelexesphonecallsormemosratherthanthroughpersonalcontacts,whichthoughpleasant,takelonger-especiallygivenourtraffic-filledstreets.wethereforesavemostpersonalvisitingforafterworkhoursorforsocialweekendgatherings.?

1.“ifyouarenotmovingahead,youarefallingbehind.”(para.1,line1)means____.?

a)ifyouaremoving,youarefallingdown?

b)youwouldfallbehindifyoumoveahead?

c)youaremovingaheadoryouarefallingbehind?

d)youarenotmoving,youaredisappear?

2.thesecondparagraphimplies____.?

a)everyone'slifehashisregrets?

b)everybodyhashisdefaults?

c)lifetimeisnotlongforeveryone?

d)lifetimeisfullofpities?

3.intheamericansystemofvalue,patienceisnotahighpriorityindicates____.?

a)patienceisveryimportant?

b)patienceishighvaluable?

c)patienceisnotofvalue

d)patienceisrankedafterothers?

4.“webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomereturn...”,thissentencereflectsamericans'attitudetolife____.?

a)isnotpatientenough?

b)getsangryeasily?

c)savestimes?

d)valuestime?

5.isthearticleto____??

a)narrateb)tellstory?

c)informd)argue?

*与解析：

1.c?理解题。第一段第一行中ifyouarenotmovingahead,youarefallingbehind.的意思是……。从文章的前两句我们可以得出，本句的意思为“不进则退”，所以*为c。

2.c?段落大意题。第二段表明了……

文章第二段中有这样一句话：manypeoplehavearatheracutesenseoftheshortnessofeachlifetime.这句话进一步说明了本段开头对于时间的看法，指出“许多人深感人的一生之短促”。所以*为c

3.d细节考查题。在美国人的价值观中，耐心并没有排在很高的地位，表明了……

priority的意思是“居先，在前，优先”。文章中第四段第一句指出：这种时间观影响了我们对耐心的重视，按照美国人的价值观，耐心并没有排在很高的地位。所以*为d

4.d?理解题。“webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomereturn...”，这句话反映了美国人对生活的态度是……。本句的意思是：只要我们感觉消耗了时间而没有回报，我们就开始烦躁不安地走来走去……，由此得知，*为d。

5.c?理解判断题。这篇文章是……。整篇文章中，作者都在说明美国人对于时间的观念。所以该篇文章是以说明为主的，所以*为c。